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An Artistic Exchange


LARGE RECLINING NUDE, Henri Matisse, 1935
© 2001 Succession H. Matisse, Paris/Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


RECLINING WOMAN WITH A BOOK, Pablo Picasso, 1939
© 2001 Estate of Pablo Picasso/Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York

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Yve-Alain Bois: Yes, there are certain audacities that Picasso takes with color. He would never have had the confidence to do that without the desire to compete with Matisse. And you have the technical aspects of the brushstroke. Especially after World War II, and even after Matisse's death, he uses a very loose brushstroke with a lot of turpentine or a dry brush. The white of the canvas shows through and vibrates and makes the color more saturated even though theoretically it's not. All that comes directly from Matisse.

Picasso learned many technical things from Matisse, from Matisse's audacity. Very early on, for example, Matisse scratches his canvases. He just draws with the back of the brush. And Picasso starts doing that in direct emulation of Matisse's casualness.

KERA: And what do you think Matisse took from Picasso?

Yve-Alain Bois: I think he got encouragement… a kick in the butt, I don’t know how to say it any better. Something like, “You can do it.” And he was stimulated by Picasso’s limitless imagination.

KERA: At a time when Matisse is struggling, unable to paint, Picasso begins to quote Matisse’s work in an attempt to “bring him back into the ring,” as you say. In 1935, Matisse responds with a painting called Large Reclining Nude.

Yve-Alain Bois: One of the things that is amazing about this work is that she looks the beholder in the eye. That’s not something that Matisse usually does. And I think that’s a kind of direct quote of Picasso, because that's something that characterized Picasso very much. And this is my private interpretation, but I see that woman looking at Picasso and saying, "Hah, I dare you." In this painting, Matisse goes back to some of the characteristics of his early work -- the color saturation, the daring color juxtaposition of pink and red and orange – right at the border of kitsch, which is something Matisse could do all the time. He could create all kinds of color combinations with incredible success, which is something Picasso could never surpass.
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